Wednesday, March 4, 2015

Set of Screws as a Lie Algebra

A Lie algebra is an vector space $L$ equipped with a bilinear map called Lie bracket \[ (x, y) \in L\times L \mapsto [x,y]\in L \] which satisfies the following properties: \[ [x, x] = 0 \text{ for all } x\in L \qquad\qquad{(1)} \] \[ [x, [y, z]] + [y, [z, x]] + [z, [x, y]] = 0 \qquad {(2)} \] for all $x$, $y$, and $z \in L$.
Consider the set of screws over space $\cal E$ denoted $S({\cal E})$ and equipped with the bilinear map \[ (\{{\cal U} \}, \{{\cal V} \} ) \in S({\cal E}) \times S({\cal E}) \mapsto \{{\cal U} \} \times \{{\cal V} \} \] corresponding to the vector field \[ P \in {\cal E} \mapsto {\bf U}\times {\bf v}_P - {\bf V}\times {\bf u}_P \] We can show that $\{{\cal U} \} \times \{{\cal V} \}$ has the properties of a Lie bracket and that the set $S(\cal E)$ is a Lie algebra.
First we must show that $\{{\cal U} \} \times \{{\cal V} \}$ is a screw: \[ {\bf U}\times {\bf v}_Q - {\bf V}\times {\bf u}_Q = {\bf U}\times ( {\bf v}_P+ {\bf V}\times {\bf r}_{PQ}) - {\bf V}\times ({\bf u}_P+ {\bf U}\times {\bf r}_{PQ}) ={\bf U}\times {\bf v}_P - {\bf V}\times {\bf u}_P +({\bf U}\times{\bf V}) \times {\bf r}_{PQ} \] This shows that $\{{\cal U} \} \times \{{\cal V} \}$ is a screw of resultant ${\bf U}\times{\bf V}$. Property (1) is obvious. Property (2) must be written as \[ \{{\cal U} \} \times (\{{\cal V} \} \times \{\cal W \}) + \{{\cal V} \} \times (\{\cal W \} \times \{{\cal U} \})+\{\cal W \} \times (\{{\cal U} \} \times \{{\cal V} \}) = \{ 0 \} \] It follows from Jacobi's identity: \[ ({\bf U} \times {\bf V}) \times {\bf W} + ({\bf V} \times {\bf W}) \times {\bf U} + ({\bf W} \times {\bf U}) \times {\bf V} = {\bf 0} \]